Admin, Manager, Team Lead, or Standard role, depending on the task
- View case lifecycle metrics in Team performance
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Admin or Manager role
Or a custom role with Team performance set to Can view and export on the Report tab - View case lifecycle metrics in Support volume
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Admin, Manager, Team Lead, or Standard role
Or a custom role with Support volume forecasted vs. actual set to Can view and export on the Report tab - View real-time case lifecycle metrics
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Admin, Manager, Team Lead, or Standard role
Or a custom role with Real-time overview set to Can view overview on the Monitor tab
The case lifecycle model is available for Salesforce Service Cloud and Amazon Connect. Amazon Connect phone contacts use it once you connect Amazon Connect. For Salesforce Service Cloud and other channels, contact our team to turn it on.
Admins set roles and permissions in Manage team > Roles and permissions.
Use this article to understand the metrics you see when your channels use the case lifecycle model. The standard metrics, such as handle time and cases solved, are counted by case, and a set of unit of work metrics shows the work inside each case, such as transfers and reassignments.
This article applies only to channels that use the case lifecycle model, which is available for Salesforce Service Cloud and Amazon Connect. For how units of work are created, see Case lifecycle model (Salesforce Service Cloud) and Case lifecycle model (Amazon Connect).
You see these metrics in Report > Team performance, in Report > Support volume, on the Staffing timeline, and in Monitor > Real-time overview. See Team performance, Forecasted vs actual, and Real-time overview.
How case lifecycle metrics work
- Case metrics count each case once, in the channel and queue of its last unit of work. First response metrics use the case’s first unit of work instead.
- Unit of work metrics count each unit of work in its own channel and queue.
- A unit of work is handled when it ends as solved, transferred, reassigned, or paused.
- Volume is counted by when the case or unit of work started.
- If your company counts every solve, rather than only a case’s last solve, metrics named Unique are named Total instead, such as Total cases solved.
Case metrics
| Metric | What it measures | Calculation |
|---|---|---|
| Case handle time | The time from the first response on a case’s first unit of work to the end of its last unit of work. Counted by when the case started. Phone, chat, and SMS only. | Last unit of work’s end − first unit of work’s first response |
| Average handle time per case | The average time it took to resolve a phone, chat, or SMS case in the selected range. Excludes email. | Total handle time ÷ total number of cases |
| Unique cases solved | Distinct cases solved by a team member. Each case counts once, by its last solve, even if it was reopened and solved again, and the solve is attributed to the team member, queue, and end time of the last unit of work. | Count of last units of work that ended solved |
| Cases solved | Cases solved that ended in this channel or queue, whichever channel or queue the solve happened in. | Count of solved cases, by last unit of work |
| Unique cases solved (per scheduled hour) | Distinct cases solved for each scheduled productive hour. | Unique cases solved ÷ total scheduled productive hours |
| Unique cases solved (per actual hour) | Distinct cases solved for each productive hour actually worked. | Unique cases solved ÷ actual productive hours worked |
| Case volume | The number of cases, in the channel and queue of each case’s last unit of work. | Count of cases, by when the first unit of work started |
| Case throughput | Cases solved for each scheduled productive hour. | Cases solved ÷ scheduled productive hours |
| First response | The average time to first response on cases’ first units of work, in hours for async channels and minutes for chat and SMS. Abandoned units of work, and those without a first response, are left out. | Average first response time of first units of work |
| Cases reopened | Cases reopened that ended in this channel or queue, whichever channel or queue the reopen happened in. To count reopens where they happened, use Units of work reopened. | Count of reopened cases, by last unit of work |
Keep in mind: Case handle time measures how long the case was open between its first response and its end. It doesn’t track how much time a team member actively spent on it. In Salesforce terms, it’s closer to handle time than to active time. If a case moves to another queue after its last unit of work, its case volume stays with the last unit of work’s queue, so you plan and report on the queue where the work happened.
Unit of work metrics
| Metric | What it measures | Calculation |
|---|---|---|
| Units of work handled | Units of work that ended as solved, transferred, reassigned, or paused. | Count of handled units of work |
| Units of work handled (per actual hour) | Units of work handled for each productive hour actually worked. | Units of work handled ÷ actual productive hours worked |
| Units of work handled (per scheduled hour) | Units of work handled for each scheduled productive hour. | Units of work handled ÷ total scheduled productive hours |
| Unit of work volume | Units of work that started in the selected range, in their own channel and queue. | Count of units of work, by start time |
| Unit of work throughput | Units of work handled for each scheduled productive hour. | Units of work handled ÷ scheduled productive hours |
| Units of work solved | Units of work in this channel or queue that ended with the case solved, attributed to the unit of work’s own team member, queue, and end time. | Count of solved units of work |
| Units of work reopened | Units of work in this channel or queue that started because a case was reopened. To count reopens by the case’s last queue, use Cases reopened. | Count of reopened units of work |
| Unique case solved rate | The share of handled units of work that are a case’s last solve. | Unique cases solved ÷ units of work handled |
| Cases reassigned away | Cases reassigned from one team member to another in the same queue. Counted for the team member the case was reassigned from. | Count of reassigned units of work |
| Cases transferred away | Cases transferred from one queue to another. Counted for the queue the case was transferred from. | Count of transferred units of work |
| Reassigned away rate | The share of handled units of work that were reassigned. | Cases reassigned away ÷ units of work handled |
| Transferred away rate | The share of handled units of work that were transferred. | Cases transferred away ÷ units of work handled |
| Average handle time per unit of work | The average handle time of units of work. In Support volume, only phone, chat, and SMS units of work are included. | Total handle time ÷ total number of units of work |
For example: a case is transferred from Queue A to Queue B and solved there. It has two units of work: one in Queue A that ended as transferred, and one in Queue B that ended as solved. Queue A has one unit of work handled and one case transferred away, Queue B has one unit of work handled and one unique case solved, and the case counts once in Queue B’s case volume.
How service level is measured for units of work
A unit of work meets your service level when its first response comes within the Target response time in your staffing parameters for its channel and queue. How the start and the first response are worked out depends on the integration:
| Integration and routing | Start | First response |
|---|---|---|
| Salesforce, Omni-Channel | When the AgentWork was requested, or when it was created if it has no request time or the request time was already used by an earlier AgentWork on the case | When the team member accepted the AgentWork |
| Salesforce, manually routed | When the case’s owner or status changed to start the unit of work | When a team member became the case’s owner |
| Amazon Connect | When the contact was queued | When the contact was connected to a team member |
Keep in mind: For manually routed Salesforce cases, if a team member already owns the case when a unit of work starts, the first response is the same as the start, so the unit of work meets your service level. This happens when a case is reassigned from one team member to another, or reopened while it’s still assigned.
Real-time overview metrics
On Monitor > Real-time overview, channels that use the case lifecycle model show a different set of metrics. Some replace the standard ones, such as Unit of work volume in place of Calls received or Cases opened, and Average handle time per unit of work in place of Average handle time. The table below lists the metrics that are added, and Average first response time and Service level, which keep their names but measure units of work.
| Metric | What it shows |
|---|---|
| Unassigned cases | Cases in the channel or queue waiting to be routed to a team member, split into those received during and outside business hours. For phone, it’s called Unassigned calls. Salesforce only. |
| Longest wait time | The longest time any of those cases has been waiting to be routed. Salesforce only. |
| Average wait time | The average time those cases have been waiting. Salesforce only. |
| Median wait time | The median time those cases have been waiting. Salesforce only. |
| Initial contact first response time | The average first response time on cases’ first units of work. In Case performance. |
| Initial contact service level | The percentage of cases’ first units of work that met your service level. In Case performance. |
| Average first response time | The average first response time across all units of work in the channel or queue. In Unit of work performance. |
| Service level | The percentage of units of work in the channel or queue that met your service level. In Unit of work performance. |
For Salesforce, waiting cases come from PendingServiceRouting records. Wait time is the time since each record was created.